German Shepherd Description

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German Shepherd

Quick Facts:

Group classification: Herding
Country of origin: Germany
Date of origin: 1899
Weight (M): 49 to 88 lbs
Height (M): 24 to 26 inches
Weight (F): 49 to 88 lbs
Height (F): 22 to 24 inches
Life expectancy: 12-13 years

History of the German Shepherd

German Shepherds originated in Karlsruhe, Germany in 1899. Captain Max von Stephanitz and others derived the breed from several types of herding and farm dogs. The German Shepherd is, therefore, a breed that has been created fairly recently. There were a number of German Shepherd clubs in Germany in the late 1880s and early 1890s devoted to standardizing the breed. The original purpose of the dog was for herding, but Captain von Stephanitz knew it was important to expand its usefulness, so he convinced the government to use the dogs for police and military work. German Shepherds were the first dogs used as guide dogs for the blind as well.

German Shepherds became popular in the United States after World War I, when a dog named Rin Tin Tin was brought to the states after the war by soldier Larry Barker.

General Description

The German Shepherd is a strong, muscled, and agile dog. It is longer than it is tall and presents an appearance dominated by curves rather than angles. It is a sturdy and substantial dog and appears fit and nimble without looking clumsy. German Shepherds have domed foreheads, long and square muzzles, and black noses. They have very strong jaws, and their eyes are usually brown and of medium size. The dogs have long ears that stand erect, open in front, and rise when they are excited. They have a long neck and a bushy tail. The dogs can be of many colors but are usually tan and black or red and black, with black masks and saddles. German Shepherds have a double coat, with the outer coat shedding all year.

Temperament

German Shepherds are very active and self-assured dogs. They are very eager to learn, and they like to have a purpose. They are loyal and bond strongly with the people they know. They may be overly protective of their families and territory, however. They do not readily become friends with strangers. They are very obedient and are not distracted easily. However, their single-mindedness requires firmness during training.

Health and Care

Most of the health problems suffered by German Shepherds are the result of inbreeding, so it is crucial to get a dog from a registered breeder. A common problem is hip and elbow dysplasia, which can lead to pain as the dog gets older. The dogs may also develop arthritis. Shepherds have a tendency to ear infections because of their large, open ears. They need regular combings but only an occasional bath.

Interesting Facts

The German Shepherd became very popular during World War II. It was used by both the Allies and Axis forces for detecting mines, as watchdogs, for guard work, and as messenger dogs.

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Last Updated: 10/30/09

German Shepherd

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